Re: Trivia Chat Party W/Vegas Regal Casino (OCT. 27th-NOW OPEN)
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The theory of istostacy states that the earth's crust will, in general, act as a fluid, with excess weight causing an "Iceberg" effect on the crust, the heavier the substance the greater the depth to the beginning of the mantle under the crust. But this is rarely the dominant mechanism acing on the structures of the earth. (An exception would be the weight of ice deforming the crust during the height of the Ice Ages.) Rocks, even the hardest one, act as an elastic "solid" under stress - both compressional and extensional stresses.
Thus, depending on the combined characteristics of the rocks forming the crust at any given place on earth - the elastic properties of the rock, comprised of the bulk modulus, shear modulus, & Young's Modulus, as well as the compressional strain and the shear strain - all these variables must be taken into consideration to describe the projected behavior of any one geologic province under consideration.
In the particular case of the Himalayas, the confining compressional stress of the crust is the dominant force presently acting on these mountains. The compression is due to the Indian Plate colliding with the Asian Plate.
The Indian plate is continuously moving north about 2 cms a year. As a result, the Himalayas are rising at about 5 millimeter per year. It is calculated that this may well continue to rise above 40,000 feet ABOVE seal level.
Mauna Kea volcano in Hawaii is the tallest mountain on earth at 33,476 feet above it's base. Mauna Loa, the largest volcano on earth, is only 120 feet lower that Mauna Kea.
Now, consider that the Challenger Deep in Marianas Trench is 35,798 feet below sea level. Thus, there is a total relief of the earth's crust of 29,041 + 35,798 = 64839 feet or 12.28 miles.
There are also other facts to be consider, making the claim of Everest being the highest mountain true only in one sense.
FROM WIKIPEDIA:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount_Everest
"Everest is the mountain whose summit attains the greatest distance above sea level. Several other mountains are sometimes claimed as alternative "tallest mountains on Earth". Mauna Kea in Hawaii is tallest when measured from its base; it rises over 10,200 m (6.3 mi) when measured from its base on the mid-ocean floor, but only attains 4,205 m (13,796 ft) above sea level.
By the same measure of base to summit, Mount McKinley, in Alaska, is also taller than Everest. Despite its height above sea level of only 6,193.6 m (20,320 ft), Mount McKinley sits atop a sloping plain with elevations from 300-900 m (1,000-3,000 ft), yielding a height above base in the range of 5,300-5,900 m (17,300-19,300 ft); a commonly quoted figure is 5,600 m (18,400 ft). By comparison, reasonable base elevations for Everest range from 4,200 m (13,800 ft) on the south side to 5,200 m (17,100 ft) on the Tibetan Plateau, yielding a height above base in the range of 3,650 m (12,000 ft) to 4,650 m (15,300 ft).
The summit of Chimborazo in Ecuador is 2,168 m (7,113 ft) farther from the Earth's centre (6,384.4 km or 3,967.1 mi) than that of Everest (6,382.3 km or 3,965.8 mi), because the Earth bulges at the Equator. However, Chimborazo attains a height of only 6,267 m (20,561 ft) above sea level, and by this criterion it is not even the highest peak of the Andes."